Pirfenidon Dalam Penyembuhan Luka Bakar: Mekanisme, Efek Terapeutik, Dan Perspektif Masa Depan Sebuah Tinjauan Pustaka

Ignatius Daniel Harijanto; Rifly Al Bukhori Sinaga; Muhammad Lazuardi Salman Asrofi; Syafiq Nabil Afthal; Muhammad Farelio Aldi

doi:10.62027/praba.v4i2.934

Authors

Ignatius Daniel Harijanto Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
Rifly Al Bukhori Sinaga Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
Muhammad Lazuardi Salman Asrofi Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
Syafiq Nabil Afthal Universitas Andalas, Indonesia
Muhammad Farelio Aldi Universitas Andalas, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62027/praba.v4i2.934

Keywords:

fibrosis, inflammation, burn wound, wound healing, pirfenidone

Abstract

Burns are a major global health problem and a cause of long-term morbidity, particularly through hypertrophic scarring and contractures, in which prolonged inflammation drives dysregulated healing and excessive fibrosis. Pirfenidone is an antifibrotic agent with anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and antioxidant properties that may modulate wound healing. This review examined the mechanisms of action, therapeutic effects, and future potential of pirfenidone in burn wound healing. A literature search of PubMed and Google Scholar used the keywords "pirfenidone," "burn wound," "wound repair," and "scarring"; eight full-text primary studies - clinical trials and in vivo and in vitro experiments evaluating the effect of pirfenidone on wound healing, inflammation, angiogenesis, or fibrosis-were analyzed descriptively. Pirfenidone reduced pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-13, G-CSF, and MIP-1α), suppressed VEGF signaling, and modulated TGF-β and collagen deposition, reflecting anti-inflammatory, antiangiogenic, and antifibrotic activity. In a proof-of-concept trial in second-degree burn patients, it significantly improved re-epithelialization on day 7 (p = 0.029). Pirfenidone therefore shows promise as an adjuvant therapy for burn wound healing, although clinical evidence remains limited and larger studies are needed to confirm its efficacy and safety.

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