Pengaruh Implementasi Rekam Medis Elektronik Dan Literasi Digital Petugas Terhadap Efisiensi Pelayanan Rawat Jalan

Diah Karlina

doi:10.62027/vitamedica.v4i3.805

Authors

Diah Karlina Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan Mitra Sejati

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62027/vitamedica.v4i3.805

Keywords:

digital literacy, electronic medical record, outpatient service, service efficiency, staff competence

Abstract

Digital transformation of hospitals in Indonesia has accelerated following the Ministry of Health Regulation No. 24 of 2022 that mandates the adoption of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) in every healthcare facility. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of EMR in improving outpatient service efficiency remains inconsistent because it depends heavily on the digital literacy of health workers. This study aims to analyze the effect of EMR implementation and staff digital literacy on outpatient service efficiency at Mitra Sejati General Hospital. This research employed a quantitative analytical design with a cross-sectional approach. The population comprised 120 outpatient staff, and 92 respondents were selected through simple random sampling. Data were collected using a validated Likert-scale questionnaire (1–5) and analyzed through univariate, bivariate, and multiple linear regression tests supported by classical assumption testing. The results indicated that EMR implementation (β = 0.412; p = 0.000) and digital literacy (β = 0.368; p = 0.000) had a positive and significant effect on outpatient service efficiency, both partially and simultaneously (F = 58.734; p = 0.000), with an Adjusted R² of 0.559. The findings imply that strengthening EMR governance and continuous digital literacy training are strategic interventions for improving outpatient service efficiency in Indonesian hospitals.

References

Adler-Milstein, J., & Jha, A. K. (2023). HITECH act drove large gains in hospital electronic health record adoption: A longitudinal analysis. Health Affairs, 42(4), 512–520. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2023.00147

Al-Rayes, S., Al-Kaabi, N., Al-Yousef, H., & Al-Malki, B. (2022). Factors influencing the acceptance of electronic medical records in tertiary hospitals: A structural equation modelling approach. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 22(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12911-022-01812-w

Ayanian, J. Z., & Markel, H. (2022). Donabedian's lasting framework for health care quality. New England Journal of Medicine, 386(19), 1815–1817. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMp2200593

BPJS Kesehatan. (2024). Laporan Pengelolaan Program dan Laporan Keuangan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Tahun 2024. Jakarta: BPJS Kesehatan.

Chen, Y., & Liu, X. (2023). Impact of electronic medical record implementation on outpatient service efficiency: Evidence from a tertiary hospital in Shanghai. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 172, 104999. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2023.104999

Chesser, A., Ham, A. D., & Woods, N. K. (2023). Assessment of eHealth literacy in health care settings: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 25, e42678. https://doi.org/10.2196/42678

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319–340. https://doi.org/10.2307/249008

DeLone, W. H., & McLean, E. R. (2003). The DeLone and McLean model of information systems success: A ten-year update. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(4), 9–30.

Fadhil, M., Rahman, A., & Yusof, M. M. (2023). Digital maturity and workforce competency as determinants of hospital service efficiency: A meta-analysis. Health Policy and Technology, 12(3), 100754. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hlpt.2023.100754

Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. (2024). Electronic Medical Record Adoption Model (EMRAM) Global Report 2024. Chicago: HIMSS Analytics.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2022). Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Nomor 24 Tahun 2022 tentang Rekam Medis. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2023). Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2023. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2024). Cetak Biru Transformasi Digital Kesehatan Indonesia 2024–2029. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2025). Laporan Kinerja Transformasi Digital Kesehatan Triwulan I 2025. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan RI.

Kim, S., & Park, J. (2023). Digital literacy and electronic medical record use efficiency among hospital nurses in South Korea. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 141, 104474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2023.104474

Kruse, C. S., Stein, A., Thomas, H., & Kaur, H. (2022). The use of electronic health records to support population health: A systematic review of the literature. Journal of Medical Systems, 46(3), 15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-022-01801-7

Nguyen, T. H., Tran, D. T., & Le, H. M. (2023). Sociotechnical factors affecting electronic medical record use in Southeast Asian hospitals. Health Information Science and Systems, 11(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13755-023-00218-x

Pratama, R., & Hidayah, N. (2024). Pengaruh rekam medis elektronik dan literasi digital terhadap efektivitas pelayanan di Puskesmas. Jurnal Manajemen Kesehatan Indonesia, 12(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.14710/jmki.12.1.2024.45-58

Rahmawati, D., & Susanto, A. (2024). Implementasi rekam medis elektronik dan kepuasan pasien BPJS di rumah sakit umum daerah. Jurnal Administrasi Rumah Sakit Indonesia, 10(2), 112–124.

Sugiyono. (2022). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D (Edisi ke-2). Bandung: Alfabeta.

Suryani, D., Amiruddin, R., & Nurhayani. (2023). Literasi digital tenaga kesehatan dan implikasinya terhadap keamanan data pasien di rumah sakit. Media Kesehatan Masyarakat Indonesia, 19(4), 289–301. https://doi.org/10.30597/mkmi.v19i4.28911

van Deursen, A. J. A. M., & van Dijk, J. A. G. M. (2022). The digital divide and digital skills: A framework for empirical research. New Media & Society, 24(3), 617–636. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211010953

Vuorikari, R., Kluzer, S., & Punie, Y. (2022). DigComp 2.2: The Digital Competence Framework for Citizens. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union.

Wardhani, V., Utarini, A., & Trisnantoro, L. (2023). Implementation challenges of electronic medical records in Indonesian type-C hospitals: A mixed-method study. BMC Health Services Research, 23(1), 1145. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-023-10123-4

World Health Organization. (2023). Global Strategy on Digital Health 2020–2025: Progress Report. Geneva: World Health Organization.

Zhou, L., Wang, F., & Zhang, R. (2022). Waiting time and patient satisfaction in outpatient services: A hospital-based cross-sectional study. BMC Health Services Research, 22(1), 823. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-022-08215-8

Adler-Milstein, J., Holmgren, A. J., & Kralovec, P. (2022). Electronic health record adoption in US hospitals: The emergence of a digital advanced use divide. Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 29(6), 1130–1137. https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocac054

Lee, J. Y., & Han, H. J. (2023). Digital literacy training and its impact on health information system utilization among healthcare workers. Healthcare Informatics Research, 29(2), 145–154. https://doi.org/10.4258/hir.2023.29.2.145

Ross, J., Stevenson, F., Lau, R., & Murray, E. (2022). Factors that influence the implementation of e-health: A systematic review of systematic reviews. Implementation Science, 17(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13012-022-01187-7

Mardiana, R., & Sari, N. P. (2024). Waktu tunggu pelayanan rawat jalan dan kepuasan pasien di era rekam medis elektronik. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Andalas, 18(1), 33–44.

Tanjung, F., & Siregar, K. (2023). Kompetensi digital tenaga administrasi rumah sakit di Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat, 14(3), 210–222.

World Health Organization. (2022). Digital Health Platform Handbook: Building a Digital Information Infrastructure for Health. Geneva: World Health Organization.