Gambaran Sanitasi Kapal Dan Keberadaan Kecoak Pada Kapal Kargo Di Pelabuhan Kota Bitung

Abstract

Ships as a means of maritime transportation, carry the risk of becoming vectors for disease transmission, especially when sanitation conditions do not meet standards. The presence of vectors such as cockroaches on cargo ships can indicate poor sanitation and pose a potential health risk to the crew. Therefore, ship sanitation monitoring is a critical component of efforts to prevent infectious diseases and protect public health in port areas. This study aims to determine the sanitary conditions of cargo ships and the presence of cockroaches on ships docked at the Port of Bitung.  This study uses a descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample consisted of five cargo ships selected using purposive sampling. Data collection was conducted through observation using a sanitation inspection checklist and a BPP vector checklist attached to Minister of Health Regulation No. 40 of 2015. The results showed that 60% of the vessels included in the study met sanitation requirements. Non-compliance with sanitation standards was found in several areas, including liquid waste management, food preparation areas, storage areas, cargo holds, sleeping quarters, engine room conditions, and medical facilities. Signs of cockroach infestation were found on two of the five vessels (40%) in areas that did not meet sanitation requirements.