Aromaterapi Peppermint sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Mual dan Muntah Pascaoperasi (PONV) Setelah Anestesi Umum di Rumah Sakit Khusus Bedah Jatiwinangun

Mely Puspita Sari; Amin Susanto; Linda Yanti

doi:10.62027/sevaka.v4i3.921

Authors

Mely Puspita Sari Universitas Harapan Bangsa
Amin Susanto Universitas Harapan Bangsa
Linda Yanti Universitas Harapan Bangsa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.62027/sevaka.v4i3.921

Keywords:

General Anesthesia, Peppermint Aromatherapy, Nursing Intervention, Postoperative Nausea, PONV Scale

Abstract

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most common complications following general anesthesia and can hinder patient recovery, prolong hospital stays, and increase treatment costs. This community service project aims to identify the characteristics of patients following general anesthesia and to determine PONV levels before and after the administration of peppermint aromatherapy as a preventive measure at Jatiwinangun Surgical Hospital. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest approach involving 30 patients following general anesthesia who were selected through purposive sampling. Peppermint essential oil was administered via inhalation for 10 minutes in the recovery room, and PONV levels were measured before and after the intervention using an ordinal PONV observation scale (scores 0–3). The results showed that the majority of respondents were adults (70%), female (56.7%), nonsmokers (60%), and had undergone major surgery (90%). Before the intervention, most participants had a PONV score of 3 (80%), whereas after peppermint aromatherapy, most participants’ scores decreased to 2 (60%) and 1 (33.3%), with only 6.7% remaining at a score of 3. These findings indicate that peppermint aromatherapy is effective in reducing the incidence of PONV and can be implemented as a safe, practical, and cost-effective nonpharmacological nursing intervention for patients following general anesthesia.

References

Astari, A., Kusuma Dewi, R., & Handayani, N. (2024). Pengaruh pemberian aromaterapi peppermint dan ginger terhadap pencegahan post operative nausea vomiting pada pasien pasca spinal anestesi di RSUD Wates. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Seroja Husada. https://doi.org/10.572349/verba.v2i1.363

Azizah, S., Niehal, Q., Silvia, S., & Elasari, P. (2022). Kajian pustaka pemanfaatan essential oils sebagai aromaterapi dalam perawatan kulit, 11(1), 62-77.

Buck, M. L., Blumenthal, S., & Gan, T. J. (2021). Prevention and management of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology, 34(6), 695-701. https://doi.org/10.1097/ACO.0000000000001038

Handayani, D., Prasetyo, B., & Wicaksono, A. (2022). Efektivitas aromaterapi peppermint terhadap penurunan mual muntah pasca anestesi umum. Jurnal Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, 10(2), 97-105.

Hines, S., Steels, E., Chang, A., & Gibbons, K. (2018). Aromatherapy for treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 3, CD007598. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD007598.pub3

Istianah, I., Lutfianti, L., & Tohri, T. (2023). Pengaruh pemberian informasi prabedah terhadap kecemasan pasien prabedah terencana di ruang bedah RSUD R. Syamsudin SH Kota Sukabumi. Jurnal Kesehatan Rajawali, 12(2), 25-27. https://doi.org/10.54350/jkr.v12i2.141

Nagase, K., Uezono, S., Kato, R., & Tanaka, S. (2022). Evaluation of postoperative nausea and vomiting severity using an ordinal scoring system in patients undergoing general anesthesia. Journal of Anesthesia, 36(5), 676-683. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-022-03089-4

Nugroho, A., Widyastuti, R., & Lestari, P. (2023). Pengaruh aromaterapi peppermint terhadap kejadian postoperative nausea and vomiting pada pasien pasca operasi. Jurnal Keperawatan Klinis Indonesia, 8(1), 35-43.

Parvizi, A., Pour Mohammad, R., Haddadi, S., Kia, S. R., Akbari, M., & Yazdanipour, M. A. (2025). The effect of peppermint essential oil on postoperative nausea, vomiting, and pain in rhinoplasty patients: A randomized clinical trial. Annals of Medicine & Surgery, 87(5), 2689-2695. https://doi.org/10.1097/MS9.0000000000003032

Pradita, A., Waluyo, A., & Sukmarini, L. (2024). Aromatherapy sebagai penurun ansietas dan depresi dalam menunjang kualitas hidup pasien penyakit ginjal tahap akhir yang menjalani hemodialisis: A systematic review. Holistik Jurnal Kesehatan, 18(3), 276-288. https://doi.org/10.33024/hjk.v18i3.137

Prasetyo, A., Hidayat, F., & Sari, D. (2023). Peppermint aromatherapy improves comfort and reduces postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients after general anesthesia. Jurnal Ilmu Keperawatan Indonesia, 16(1), 55-63.

Pratiwi, F., & Subarnas, A. (2024). Aromaterapi sebagai media relaksasi. Farmaka, 18(3).

Price, S., & Price, L. (2020). Aromatherapy for health professionals (5th ed.). Elsevier.

Purwaningsih, L., & Tresya, E. (2023). Pengaruh aroma terapi peppermint terhadap mual muntah pada pasien post-general anestesi dengan operasi apendiktomi perforasi. Dohara Publisher Open Access Journal.

Putra, R. A., & Saputra, D. (2021). Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi postoperative nausea and vomiting pada pasien pasca anestesi umum. Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia, 13(2), 78-86.

Putra, R. A., Sari, N. P., & Hidayat, T. (2021). Hubungan riwayat merokok dengan kejadian postoperative nausea and vomiting pada pasien pasca operasi. Jurnal Anestesiologi Indonesia, 13(1), 25-32.

Rahmawati, N., Susanti, E., & Kurniawan, A. (2022). Mekanisme postoperative nausea and vomiting serta upaya pencegahannya pada pasien pasca operasi. Jurnal Keperawatan Indonesia, 25(3), 190-198.

Rahmawati, N., Susanti, E., & Kurniawan, A. (2023). Jenis kelamin sebagai faktor risiko postoperative nausea and vomiting pada pasien pasca operasi dengan anestesi umum. Jurnal Keperawatan Medikal Bedah, 11(1), 41-49.

Rosidah, I., & Darma, D. D. (2025). Effectiveness of peppermint aromatherapy on post-operative nausea and vomit after spinal anesthesia. International Journal of Health Science and Technology, 7(1), 90-93. https://doi.org/10.31101/ijhst.v7i1.4279

Sari, D. P., Pramono, A., & Wulandari, E. (2021). Efektivitas inhalasi aromaterapi peppermint terhadap penurunan frekuensi mual muntah pasca operasi. Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman, 16(3), 180-187.

Sari, D. P., Wulandari, E., & Pramono, A. (2022). Karakteristik usia dan kejadian postoperative nausea and vomiting pada pasien pasca anestesi umum. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Indonesia, 5(3), 210-218.

Setiawan, T., & Tresya, E. (2024). Aroma terapi peppermint dapat menurunkan kejadian nausea pada pasien post operasi sectio caesarea. Journal of Nursing Education & Practice.

Suhadi, Sulastri, & Santoso, E. (2023). Perbandingan kejadian post-operative nausea and vomiting antara puasa dengan tidak puasa pada pasien sectio caesarea yang dilakukan regional anestesi di RSUD Caruban. Jurnal Ventilator, 1(1), 88-97. https://doi.org/10.59680/ventilator.v1i1.648

Wulandari, R., & Fitriani, N. (2022). Pengaruh aromaterapi peppermint terhadap skor postoperative nausea and vomiting pada pasien pasca anestesi umum. Jurnal Perawat Indonesia, 6(2), 845-853.

Wulandari, R., Hidayat, F., & Nugroho, S. (2022). Hubungan jenis dan durasi operasi dengan kejadian postoperative nausea and vomiting pada pasien pasca anestesi umum. Jurnal Anestesi Perioperatif Indonesia, 10(2), 88-96.

Zhao, H., Ren, S., Yang, H., Tang, S., Guo, C., Liu, M., Tao, Q., Ming, T., & Xu, H. (2022). Peppermint essential oil: Its phytochemistry, biological activity, pharmacological effect and application. Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, 154, 113559. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113559